Can understand and use familiar, everyday expressions and very basic phrases related to simple, concrete needs. Can introduce him/herself and others and ask other people questions about themselves - e.g. name, place of residence, people they know, things they own, etc. - and can answer questions of this kind. Can communicate in a simple way if the other person speaks slowly and clearly and helps.

Can understand individual sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. personal information, shopping, work, local area). Can communicate in simple, routine situations involving an uncomplicated and direct exchange of information and familiar topics and activities. Can use simple means to describe people, places, things, his/her own education and his/her environment.

Can understand the main points when clear standard language is used and when dealing with familiar matters from work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations encountered when travelling in the language area. Can express him/herself simply and coherently on familiar topics and areas of personal interest. Can talk about experiences and events, describe dreams, hopes and ambitions and give brief reasons or explanations for plans and opinions.

Can understand a wide range of demanding texts, including longer texts, and grasp implicit meaning. Can express him/herself almost effortlessly, spontaneously and fluently without having to search for words. Can use the language effectively and flexibly in social and professional life or in training and study. Can express him/herself clearly and in a well-structured way on complex issues, describe or report something in detail and link his/her statements in terms of content and language.

Can understand with ease practically everything he/she reads or hears. Can reproduce facts and arguments from different written and oral sources and summarise them in a coherent presentation. Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and in a differentiated way and can also clearly recognise finer shades of meaning in more complex situations.